Athleticism in the system of physical education of students of a higher education institution

Abstract

The article, based on the analysis and generalization of data from literature sources and practical experience, identifies the main features of the organization and planning of athletics classes with student youth. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the nature and length of training cycles in athletics depends on the method of training, the nature of the means of recovery and patterns of development of sports form. It is emphasized that the effectiveness of training is determined by the weight of the load, the intensity of work, the number of approaches and repetitions, the sequence of individual exercises in training, the number of exercises in a weekly cycle and rest time between approaches. It is noted that the structure of a separate training session in athletics is characterized by general principles of construction, regardless of its content or form, and consists of three parts: preparatory, basic and final. The comparative analysis of the training equipment of various design is carried out. It is shown that simulators by dosed physical activity and targeted impact on certain muscle groups can selectively affect the musculoskeletal system, cardiovascular, respiratory and nervous systems.
 It is optimal to conduct athletics classes with student youth three times a week in the form of optional classes. This number is due to the fact that most students have a low level of physical fitness and health, namely the strength training is facilitated by the technique, which provides for three classes during the week cycle.
 One of the conditions for improving the efficiency of this process is to build an algorithm for the annual cycle of athletics, taking into account the peculiarities of the training schedule. This allows you to ensure the optimal dynamics of strength training depending on the periods of the semester, exam session, practice, winter and summer vacations. This algorithm allows to achieve correspondence between the factors of pedagogical influence and restorative measures, rational use of various tools and methods of force development, which allows to systematically and gradually increase the load in the process of training.
 During the first semester, students' strength abilities are improved. The first month (September) should be aimed at gradually preparing students for further strength training with a higher intensity and volume of strength. The intensity of the load this month is relatively small, but the volume sometimes reaches significant values.