Athletes’ Perceptions of Coaching Competency Scale II-High School Teams

Abstract

The purpose of this validity study was to improve measurement of athletes’ evaluations of their head coach’s coaching competency, an important multidimensional construct in models of coaching effectiveness. A revised version of the Coaching Competency Scale (CCS) was developed for athletes of high school teams (APCCS II-HST). Data were collected from athletes ( N = 748) of seven relevant sports. Athlete observations were clustered within teams ( G = 74). Multigroup confirmatory factor analyses of the asymptotic within-teams covariance matrix provided evidence for factorial invariance, except for one residual variance, by athlete gender ( nmale = 427, nfemale = 321). An exploratory multilevel confirmatory factor analysis provided evidence for close fit of an oblique five-factor within-teams structure and a one-factor between-teams structure.