Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients have a high prevalence of "traditional" risk factors for atherosclerosis, related to clinical conditions and treatments received. Nephritis may be associated with hypertension, nephrotic syndrome may cause hyperlipidemia, and arthritis and fatigue may reduce a patient's ability to exercise. These factors, along with smoking, obesity, diabetes mellitus and chronic renal failure may contribute to the increased prevalence of CAD in patients with SLE. Other risk factors implicated in cardiovascular events in SLE patients include older age at SLE diagnosis. In a recent study, the incidence of stroke and myocardial infarction in SLE is estimated after controlling for expected events based on known population based risk models. After adjustment for the classical risk factors, the risk for myocardial infarction and stroke was significantly increased, suggesting that the diagnosis of SLE or its treatment is the strongest known risk factor for cardiovascular disease in the patients.
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