Atemwegsinfektionen bei Kindern: Fieber(-phobie) beeinflusst die ambulante Antibiotikaverordnung

Abstract

Background: Antibiotic overuse in children is a significant public health concern, as it can lead to the emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Although respiratory infections account for most antibiotic prescriptions in children, many of these infections are viral and do not require antibiotics. In this study, we aimed to investigate the use of antibiotics in children with respiratory infections in a primary care setting and to explore the possible role of fever on antibiotic prescription. Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study that evaluated preschool children aged 0–5 years who were assessed by their primary care pediatricians for respiratory infectious diseases between October 2019 and March 2021. The study involved 69 public primary care pediatricians and a total of 678 pediatric episodes for respiratory infections. Results: Amoxicillin/clavulanate was the most frequently prescribed drug. Bronchitis accounted for most of inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions (73%). Furthermore, the presence of fever was associated with a ~300% increase in the likelihood of prescribing antibiotics for respiratory infections that do not typically require antibiotics.