Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the expression of ATAD2 in ovarian tumor tissue as well as its relationship with degree of malignancy. Tumor tissue from 110 cases of ovarian cancer was collected in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki for evaluation of ATAD2 expression immunohistochemistry, quantitative PCR (qPCR) and Western blotting. The correlation between the ATAD2 expression and and the prognosis of ovarian cancer was evaluated by Cox regression model. In addition, HO-8910 and OVCAR-3 cells were transfected with two siRNAs targeting ATAD2. Cell viability was evaluated with MTT assay, and cell migration by transwell migration assay. ATAD2 was shown to be highly expressed in 65.5% (72/110) of ovarian cancer cases, both at transcriptional and protein levels. Moreover, highly expression was positively correlated with degree of malignancy. Knock-down of ATAD2 in HO-8910 and OVCAR-3 cells was found to reduce cell migration. In addition, follow-up visits of the patients demonstrated that the 5-year survival rate was lower in patients with high expression of ATAD2. Our study suggested that ovarian tumor tissue may have highly expressed ATAD2, which is associated with tumor stage, omentum-metastasis, ascites and CA-125. Increased ATAD2 may play important roles in tumor proliferation and migration. ATAD2 could serve in particular as a prognostic marker and a therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.
Highlights
Ovarian cancer, as one of the most common gynecologic malignancies, is the deadliest cancer for the female
Our study suggested that ovarian tumor tissue may have highly expressed ATAD2, which is associated with tumor stage, omentum-metastasis, ascites and cancer antigen 125 (CA-125)
ATAD2 is highly expressed in ovarian tumor tissue Immunoreactivity for ATAD2 was readily detected in the nuclei and plasma of ovarian tumor tissues, whereas little or no staining was observed in the normal ovarian tissues or tumor-adjacent stroma
Summary
As one of the most common gynecologic malignancies, is the deadliest cancer for the female. Most patients with ovarian cancer will not realize the disease until it progresses to an advanced stage, When the diseases spread beyond ovaries, accompanying with a grossly enlarging tumor and extensive ascites fluid (Kobayashi et al, 2012). ATAD2 is directly regulated by protooncogenes like ACTR, AIB1 and SRC-3, and is highly expressed in prostate cancer cells as a critical factor for prostate cancer cell proliferation and survival (Zou et al, 2007; Zou et al, 2009). High levels of ATAD2 correlate with poor survival and disease recurrence in patients with prostate and breast cancers, while RNAi-mediated knockdown of ATAD2 strongly inhibited hormone-dependent cancer cell proliferation (Hsia et al, 2009; Kalashnikova et al, 2010; Revenko et al, 2010). ATAD2 has been reported to be overexpressed, as an important risk factor, in several cancers such as
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