Abstract

We are interested in the existence of depolarization waves in the human brain. These waves propagate in the grey matter and are absorbed in the white matter. We consider a two-dimensional model ut = Δ u + f(u)𝟙|y|≤R − αu𝟙|y|>R, with f a bistable nonlinearity taking effect only on the domain ℝ × [−R, R], which represents the grey matter layer. We study the existence, the stability and the energy of nontrivial asymptotic profiles of the possible traveling fronts. For this purpose, we present dynamical systems techniques and graphic criteria based on Sturm–Liouville theory and apply them to the above equation. This yields three different types of behavior for the solution u after stimulation, depending on the thickness R of the grey matter. This may partly explain the difficulties to observe depolarization waves in the human brain.

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