Abstract
Key Clinical MessageThe differential diagnosis of retroperitoneal mass includes liposarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, neurofibroma, stromal tumor, teratoma, and lymphoma. Leiomyosarcoma is rare with poorer prognosis than other soft tissue sarcomas. Soft tissue sarcoma of retroperitoneal origin often remains asymptomatic until tumor enlargement, leading to diagnosis at advanced stages.
Highlights
Key Clinical MessageThe differential diagnosis of retroperitoneal mass includes liposarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, neurofibroma, stromal tumor, teratoma, and lymphoma
Multiple lung tumors were detected at a routine medical checkup at the office on a chest X-ray in a 46-year-old woman
A diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma was given based on a liver biopsy showing atypical spindle cells, which were positive for smooth muscle actin (SMA) and negative for KIT, CD34, and S-100 immunohistochemically (Fig. 3)
Summary
The differential diagnosis of retroperitoneal mass includes liposarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, neurofibroma, stromal tumor, teratoma, and lymphoma. Leiomyosarcoma is rare with poorer prognosis than other soft tissue sarcomas. Soft tissue sarcoma of retroperitoneal origin often remains asymptomatic until tumor enlargement, leading to diagnosis at advanced stages. Multiple lung tumors were detected at a routine medical checkup at the office on a chest X-ray in a 46-year-old woman. CT scanning identified a 150-mm solid tumor with irregular density and some areas of weak enhancement in the left retroperitoneum, and multiple liver/lung/bone metastases (Figs 1 and 2). A diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma was given based on a liver biopsy showing atypical spindle cells, which were positive for smooth muscle actin (SMA) and negative for KIT, CD34, and S-100 immunohistochemically (Fig. 3). Leiomyosarcoma is a rare tumor with poor prognosis.
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