Abstract
The nature of asymmetric ground states in invariant theories is investigated in detail for the cases in which Coulomb-type interactions are absent from the original equations of interacting non-relativistic fields. It is shown that such ground states can be created only by the Bose-Einstein condensation of massless Bose fields in the stationary states (thus requiring the presence of such fields). Energy differences are seen to be forbidden in observed symmetry multiplets. The considerations, predominantly algebraic, which lead to these results are shown to provide a good qualitative picture of the behaviour of systems with asymmetric ground states. As illustrations, the examples of ferromagnetism, neutral superconductivity and superfluidity are treated from the same unified viewpoint.
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