Abstract
Infections caused by pathogens colonization at wound sites in the process of bone healing are considered as one of the major reasons for the failure of guided bone regeneration (GBR). The objective of this study was to prepare a novel asymmetric collagen/chitosan GBR membrane containing minocycline-loaded chitosan nanoparticles. The morphologies of the membranes and nanoparticles were observed by SEM and TEM, respectively. The characterization and biocompatibility of the membranes was evaluated. The effect of the membrane on bone regeneration was assessed using the critical-size at cranial defect model. TEM images showed the spherical morphology of the nanoparticles. The results of SEM indicated that the asymmetric membrane contained a dense collagen layer and a loose chitosan layer. An in vitro experiment showed that the membrane can inhibit bacterial growth and promote osteoblasts and fibroblasts growth. The membrane showed the ability to promote angiogenesis and enhance bone regeneration in vivo. An asymmetric collagen/chitosan GBR membrane can be fabricated by loading minocycline encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles, and shows satisfactory biocompatibility and barrier function, which enhances bone regeneration. Therefore, this antibacterial GBR membrane is a promising therapeutic approach to prevent infection and guide bone regeneration.
Highlights
The antibacterial guided bone regeneration (GBR) membranes were prepared by loading antibacterial agents such as chlorhexidine, tetracycline, amoxicillin and minocycline[5,7,8,9]
We designed an asymmetric membrane, that has a dense layer acting as a barrier and a loose layer loaded with nanoparticles of minocycline as a carrier for drug release
The collagen chitosan membranes loaded with minocycline (CCM) membrane presented lower degradation rate than that of the chitosan membrane and the collagen membrane, which indicated that the cross-linked membranes maintained a low rate of degradation even after 28 days of soaking
Summary
The antibacterial GBR membranes were prepared by loading antibacterial agents such as chlorhexidine, tetracycline, amoxicillin and minocycline[5,7,8,9]. Nanoparticles loaded with minocycline, which is an appropriate candidate antibacterial drug incorporated into the GBR membrane to prevent infection, should have a significant effect on bone regeneration. As described in our previous study, an asymmetric chitosan GBR membrane was prepared and showed the ability to help bone regeneration[14]. We designed an asymmetric membrane, that has a dense layer acting as a barrier and a loose layer loaded with nanoparticles of minocycline as a carrier for drug release. Chitosan was chosen to prepare the loose layer of the asymmetric membrane and the minocycline-carrying nanoparticles. This study investigated the morphology, biodegradation, drug release, antibacterial activity, cytocompatibility and bone regeneration ability of the membranes
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