Asymmetric Clustering Algorithm with Gravitational Model (ACAGM)

Abstract

In wireless sensor networks, the formation of a clustered network topology plays a crucial role in maximizing the network lifetime and effectively improving the network performance. Deploying the scalable wireless sensor networks requires multi-hop operations; in other words, intermediate nodes act as gateways. Most existing works on self-organization in wireless sensor networks do not support the scalability so that a large number of clusters could be generated. Furthermore, producing a smaller number of clusters can tend toward a flat architecture. Thus, the main challenge of these protocols is to find the balance between the size and number of clusters generated in order to have greater energy efficiency. In this paper, we propose a new approach of clustering inspired from the formation of the celestial bodies through universal gravitational model. Thus, each CH candidate node will have a G gravitational parameter expressing the capacity to « attract » sensors around its « orbit ». This parameter is obtained from energy discretization between adjacent clusters. Thanks to gravity, the size and the number of clusters will be neatly and dynamically determined to ensure maximum network lifetime.