Abstract
ABSTRACT A new species of Astyanax belonging to the Astyanax scabripinnis complex is described from dos Touros River, tributary of the Pelotas River, Uruguay River basin. Astyanax taurorum sp. nov. is distinguished from other species of the Astyanax scabripinnis species complex by having two humeral spots, the first vertically elongated; teeth of inner row of premaxilla with three to five cusps; 2-3 (modes 2 or 3) maxillary teeth; 20-23 (mode 22) branched anal-fin rays; 13-15 (mode 14) gill rakers on lower branch of the first branchial arch; 20-23 (mode 21) total gill rakers in first branchial arch; 33-36 (mode 35) perforated lateral line scales. Astyanax taurorum sp. nov. is similar to Astyanax paris; nevertheless, it can be readily distinguished from it by having a smaller head depth (73.6-83.1% vs. 86.4-95.6%) and smaller interorbital width (24.1-28.0% vs. 30.8-32.8%). In addition, it differs from A. paris by the presence a posttemporal hook-shaped posterodorsal margin.
Highlights
The fishes of the genus Astyanax Baird & Girard, 1854 inhabit Neotropical drainages from the Colorado River in Texas and New Mexico in the United States to Northern Patagonia, Argentina (Menni 2004, López et al 2008, Ornelas-Garcia et al 2008)
We considered A. taurorum sp. nov. as data deficient (DD) (IUCN 2014)
These authors presented a series of morphological characters that delimit this complex, which are mostly found in A. taurorum sp. nov. except for the abrupt snout
Summary
The fishes of the genus Astyanax Baird & Girard, 1854 inhabit Neotropical drainages from the Colorado River in Texas and New Mexico in the United States to Northern Patagonia, Argentina (Menni 2004, López et al 2008, Ornelas-Garcia et al 2008). There are 19 recognized species of Astyanax from the Uruguay River, Laguna dos Patos system to the Tramandaí River drainage: A. aramburui Protogino, Miquelarena & López, 2006; A. bagual Bertaco & Vigo, 2015; A. brachypterygium Bertaco & Malabarba, 2001; A. cremnobates Bertaco & Malabarba, 2001; A. douradilho Bertaco, 2014; A. dissensus Lucena & Thofehrn, 2013; A. eigenmanniorum (Cope, 1894); A. henseli Melo & Buckup, 2006; A. lacustris (Luetken, 1875); A. laticeps (Cope, 1894); A. obscurus (Hensel, 1870); A. ojiara Azpelicueta & Garcia, 2000; A. paris Azpelicueta, Almirón & Casciotta, 2002; A. pirabitira Lucena & Bertcaco, 2013; A. procerus Lucena, Castro & Bertaco, 2013; A. saguazu Casciotta, Almirón & Azpelicueta, 2003; A. stenohalinus Messner, 1962), Astyanax sp. While studying the genus Astyanax from the Pelotas River drainage, a new species of the Astyanax scabripinnis complex was found and it is described
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