Abstract
Chemistry along the star- and planet-formation sequence regulates how prebiotic building blocks—carriers of the elements CHNOPS—are incorporated into nascent planetesimals and planets. Spectral line observations across the electromagnetic spectrum are needed to fully characterize interstellar CHNOPS chemistry, yet to date there are only limited astrochemical constraints at THz frequencies. Here, we highlight advances to the study of CHNOPS astrochemistry that will be possible with the Orbiting Astronomical Satellite for Investigating Stellar Systems (OASIS). OASIS is a NASA mission concept for a space-based observatory that will utilize an inflatable 14-m reflector along with a heterodyne receiver system to observe at THz frequencies with unprecedented sensitivity and angular resolution. As part of a survey of H2O and HD toward ∼100 protostellar and protoplanetary disk systems, OASIS will also obtain statistical constraints on the emission of complex organics from protostellar hot corinos and envelopes as well as light hydrides including NH3 and H2S toward protoplanetary disks. Line surveys of high-mass hot cores, protostellar outflow shocks, and prestellar cores will also leverage the unique capabilities of OASIS to probe high-excitation organics and small hydrides, as is needed to fully understand the chemistry of these objects.
Highlights
The elements carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur (CHNOPS) are considered the main biogenic elements on Earth, as they are found universally in all life forms
The raw data supporting the conclusion of this article will be made available by the authors, without undue reservation
All authors contributed to manuscript editing and revision
Summary
The elements carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur (CHNOPS) are considered the main biogenic elements on Earth, as they are found universally in all life forms. Besides regulating the bulk inventories of CHNOPS in planet-forming gas and solids, interstellar chemistry can convert simple CHNOPS carriers into more complex organic molecules. If this chemically complex material is incorporated into icy bodies such as asteroids and comets, it may be delivered to planetary surfaces via impact and potentially play a role in jump-starting origins-of-life chemistry (e.g., Rubin et al, 2019). Understanding the formation and inheritance of simple and complex CHNOPS carriers along the star-formation sequence is a major aim of astrochemistry.
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have