Abstract
Influenza is an acute respiratory infection disease caused by the influenza virus. At present, due to the high mutation rate of influenza virus, it is difficult for the existing antiviral drugs to play an effective antiviral effect continually, so it is urgent to develop a new anti-influenza drug. Recently, more and more studies have been conducted on the antiviral activity of Astragalus membranaceus, but the specific antiviral mechanism of this traditional Chinese medicine is not clear. In this study, the results proved that the Astragalus membranaceus injection showed obvious anti-influenza virus activity. It could improve the survival rate of Raw264.7 cells which were infected with influenza virus, while it improved the blocking effect of influenza virus on cell cycle after infection, increased the SOD activity, and reduced the MDA content. At the same time, the innate immunity was affected by regulating the expression of TLR3, TAK1, TBK1, IRF3, and IFN-β in the TLR3-mediated signaling pathway, thus exerting its antiviral effect in vitro.
Highlights
Influenza is a seasonal respiratory tract infectious disease caused by influenza viruses, and its clinical manifestations include acute respiratory symptoms such as high fever, fatigue, and cough
According to different nuclear proteins [3, 4]. e structure of influenza virus can be divided into three parts: core, matrix protein, and envelope from the inside out. e inner core is composed of nuclear protein (NP) and singlestranded RNA, while the viral envelope contains two viral transmembrane glycoproteins: hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) [5, 6]
Drug Cytotoxicity of Different Concentrations of AMI in Raw264.7 Cells. e cells were treated with different concentrations of Astragalus membranaceus injection (AMI) for 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h. e results indicated that AMI exerted the cytotoxicity in Raw264.7 cells, and it can reduce the cell viability in a concentration-dependent and time-dependent manner
Summary
Influenza is a seasonal respiratory tract infectious disease caused by influenza viruses, and its clinical manifestations include acute respiratory symptoms such as high fever, fatigue, and cough. Influenza virus is the main pathogenic pathogen of influenza It is a negative sense, single-stranded RNA virus (-ss RNA virus) and a member of the Orthomyxoviridae family, which can be divided into four types: A, B, C, and D according to different nuclear proteins [3, 4]. E structure of influenza virus can be divided into three parts: core, matrix protein, and envelope from the inside out. E inner core is composed of nuclear protein (NP) and singlestranded RNA (ssRNA), while the viral envelope contains two viral transmembrane glycoproteins: hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) [5, 6]. E influenza virus life cycle is initiated by the recognition of sialic acid (SA) of the host cell glycoprotein by HA. HA plays an important role in viral invasion of host cells. e influenza virus life cycle is initiated by the recognition of sialic acid (SA) of the host cell glycoprotein by HA. e primary role of NA is to hydrolyze SA from virus and cellular glycoproteins, while the budding newly formed virions can be released from infected cells [7,8,9,10]
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