Abstract
Introduction: Cataract is the main cause of bilateral blindness in Nepal. Surgery is the accepted treatment option for cataract with Small incision Cataract Surgery (SICS) and Phacoemusification being the common procedures being performed with comparable results. Corneal astigmatism has been a byproduct of cataract surgery since the first limbal incision was made with improved techniques. Self-sealing scleral pocket incisions are stable and provides early healing, faster visual restoration and more importantly superior astigmatism control. A variety of scleral incisions are being used in manual SICS, with the aim of keeping the post-operative astigmatism to a minimum. Despite having many techniques of scleral incision, there have been only few studies which compares surgical induced astigmatism (SIA) between them
 Objective: To determine surgical induced astigmatism following frown, chevron and straight incision forms in suture-less small incision cataract surgery(SICS).
 Methodology: A prospective study was done on a total of 120 patients aged 40years and above with senile cataract. The patients were randomly divided into three groups where each group received specific incision- Straight, Frown and Chevron. SICS with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation was performed. The patients were compared on 2 weeks and 6 weeks post operatively for uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and keratometric reading. Surgical induced astigmatism (SIA) was calculated using the SIA calculator version 2.0. The study was analysed using SPSS version 20.0.
 Results: At 6 weeks UCVA of 6/18-6/6 was attained by 63.41%, 78.94% and 84.61% of patients in group straight, frown and chevron. However about 97% of patients attained BCVA of 6/18-6/6 in all three groups. Mean SIA was least in Chevron group (0.30 D ± 0.16) and was most in the straight group (1.22 D ±0.36) which was statistically significant.
 Conclusion: Chevron incision induces the least astigmatism compared to frown and straight incision.
Highlights
Thirty nine million blind people! This was the es mated figure by World Health Organiza on (WHO) Global data on visual impairment 2010
Objec ve To determine surgical induced as gma sm following frown, chevron and straight incision forms in suture-less small incision cataract surgery(SICS)
KEYWORDS Incision, as gma sm, surgical induced as gma sm ISSN: 2542-2758 (Print) 2542-2804 (Online)
Summary
Thirty nine million blind people! This was the es mated figure by World Health Organiza on (WHO) Global data on visual impairment 2010. Surgery is the accepted treatment op on for cataract with Small incision Cataract Surgery (SICS) and Phacoemusifica on being the common procedures being performed with comparable results.[3,4,5,6,7,8] Tough phacoemulsifica on surgery is carried out in most the developed part of the world, the low cost of SICS has made it affordable for the developing na on like Nepal where “cannot afford” is one of the important factor for depriving people from a ending health care facili es.[2] Corneal as gma sm has been a by-product of cataract surgery since the first limbal incision was made with improved techniques. This study was focused on comparing SIA between three well-known incisions–Straight, Frown and Chevron
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