A-State-of-the-Art Review of Soil Liquefaction Mitigation Methods

Abstract

AbstractLiquefaction of soil stimulated due to earthquake vibration causes the soil to show its fluidlike characteristics. The process of liquefaction occurs due to accumulation of pore water pressure and subsequent decrease in effective stress. The loses due to liquefaction can be devastating in terms economy as well as human lives. To control the liquefaction phenomenon in soil, many researchers have investigated various methods in the past which are not only purpose effective but cost effective also. This paper tends to bring out the review of the developing techniques in the field of mitigation of soil liquefaction and to compare their effectiveness with the conventional methods of liquefaction mitigation. To begin with, the importance of the conventional methods was discussed and their limitation which led to rapid development of the advanced method. The common ground improvement practices such as soil replacement, vibro-compaction, grouting have been used traditionally. Use of nanomaterial grouting, synthetic fibers, biopolymers, air injection etc. are some major innovative techniques for enhancing the liquefaction resistance. Various researchers have adopted the use of recycle materials like glass, fly ash, tires to increase the liquefaction resistance. Several studies suggested the use of biogeotechnological method. Through this review, the readers will be able to recognize the state-of-the-art trend of liquefaction mitigation, the application of new materials and multidisciplinary approach to suggest innovative methods that could be cost effective, environment friendly along with durability and easy to use. The review of these methods for liquefaction mitigation are encouraging and boost our knowledge of the association between the lately established materials, science and technology, multidisciplinary research, and geotechnical engineering.KeywordsLiquefactionNanomaterialsGround improvementFly ash