Abstract
The Internet of Things technology is expected to generate tremendous economic benefits; this promise is undermined by major security threats. This is mainly due to the ubiquitous nature of this technology, which makes it easy for potential adversities to have access to IoT devices and carry well-established attacks. The development of defence mechanisms, in this case, is a challenging task; this is due to the fact that most IoT devices have limited computing and energy resources, which makes it hard to implement classic cryptographic algorithms. This paper addresses this challenge by proposing a lightweight mutual authentication and key agreement protocol named ASSURE based on Rivest Cipher (RC5) and physically unclonable functions (PUFs). To understand the effectiveness of this protocol, a rigorous security analysis under various cyber-attack scenarios is performed. In order to evaluate the overheads of the proposed solution, a wireless sensor network using typical IoT devices called Zolertia Zoul re-mote is constructed. The functionality of the proposed scheme is verified using a server-client configuration. Then, energy consumption and memory utilization are estimated and compared with the existing solutions, namely, the DTLS (datagram transport layer security) handshake protocol in pre-shared secret (key) mode and UDP (user datagram protocol). Experimental analysis results indicate that the proposed protocol can save up to 39.5% energy and uses 14% less memory compared with the DTLS handshake protocol.
Highlights
With recent developments in Internet of Things systems, it has become possible to design and develop multifunctional sensor nodes that are small in size, come at a low cost, require little power and communicate wirelessly in short distances [1]
The above results for memory utilization indicate that the overhead resulting from the use of the proposed protocol would not result in a massive strain on the resourceconstrained device
The processing time of each component is estimated in milliseconds by Formula (1) for the implementation of both the DTLS handshake implementation and the ASSURE protocol
Summary
With recent developments in Internet of Things systems, it has become possible to design and develop multifunctional sensor nodes that are small in size, come at a low cost, require little power and communicate wirelessly in short distances [1]. The sensor should transmit the sensed data to a central hub in cooperation over the established network These networks have a wide application area in many sectors, including military, environmental, health, industrial and smart homes. It is worth considering patient monitoring systems as a concrete example of this technology in use [1]. The traditional cryptographic solutions [2] designed for resourcerich devices to the security are often impractical for the resource-constrained devices used in these kinds of IoT systems This is because the wireless sensor devices are limited in memory, computation ability and energy resource. This section discusses the pre-shared key-based DTLS protocol used in this paper, considering that one of the implementations is based on the PSK-DTLS handshake protocol
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