Abstract
In the 14th and 13th centuries B.C.E., Assyria emerged as an independent state and began expansionist policies. Yet the international world of that time operated according to a protocol of brotherhood, parity, and reciprocity. Taking material culture as constitutive of sociopolitical identity, this article explores the clash between imperialism and diplomacy through an archaeological and art historical case study of Assur Tomb 45. The luxurious grave goods, in conjunction with the associated historical figure of Bābu-aha-iddina-a powerful Assyrian official involved in international affairs-permit an exploration of Assyria on the cusp of imperialism. Many of the pieces exhibit connections with international arts, yet at the same time assert a new Assyrian artistic identity. The adoption of internationalizing elements hints at Assyria's attempts at diplomatic acceptance, while the state's ultimate rejection of diplomacy in favor of imperialism finds expression in a forceful Assyrian style based on narrative and verisimilitude.
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