Assortment of herbaceous plants for remediation of soils contaminated with oil products and heavy metals

Abstract

Biological remediation is the final stage of soil remediation. It is carried out to reduce and prevent the effects of technological disturbances. Plants can uptake and transform heavy metals, inorganic anions, oil products and pesticides. Recommendations were based on the practice experience and scientific researches. The quantitative chemical analysis of the soil pollutants demonstrated the presence of cations of heavy metals and oil products, and a rather high content of chlorides and sulfates was also detected. Such soils should be considered as saline. Therefore, plants for remediation should: a) correspond to the natural and climatic zone; b) show resistance to pollutants; c) plants must be salt tolerant. The composition consists of the following herbs. Medicago x varia Martyn is promising for areas with extreme environmental conditions. Agropyron tenerum Vasey is a good plant for phytoremediation of oil-sludge-contaminated soil. Festuca pratensis is well in universal, road, construction, sports lawns, and for special purposed lawns. Dactylis glomerata decreases gaseous mercury emission to the atmosphere and mercury mobility in soils. Phleum pratense have high phytostabilization potential in polluted soils and adaptation to soil pollution by this metals. That mixture is resistant for contaminated soils.