Abstract
Considering the cognitive aspect in the study of nominative processes made it possible to ascertain the role of mental properties in the creation of nominative units and their motivation. The study of motivational mechanisms is based on the analysis of structural and semantic connections between derivative and original language units, which reflect the cognitive level as a sphere of linguistic representation of the conceptual connections in ethnic consciousness. The feature motivating the meaning of the studied linguistic units is treated as semantic-cognitive, since it reflects peculiarities of culturally marked regional comprehension of world fragments by an ethnic group and provides information about Transcarpathian dialect bearers’ perception. Associative motivation is a metaphorical, it is manifested in mapping of related conceptual spheres associated on the basis of certain characteristics. The following indicators motivate metaphoric connections in the meaning of Transcarpathian lexemes: appearance – color, form, age, and size; local and temporal properties, actions and their characteristics; olfactor and taste senses; functions. The nominative units from these semantic groups activate motivators selected from other donor zones. Metonymic motivation is realized in replacing the name of a quality with a unit with opposite symbols, substituting categories, parts for the whole and for the whole, the component of the event for its other component within the situation. Metaphorical and metonymic patterns of motivation depend on the world image of language bearers, the processes of categorization and conceptualization in their ethnic consciousness, psychological and cultural stereotypes, peculiarities of the language code.
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