Associations of total amount and patterns of sedentary behaviour with type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome: The Maastricht Study

Julianne D Van Der Berg,Ronald M A Henry,Simone J S Sep,Jeroen H P M Van Der Velde,Pieter C Dagnelie,Coen D A Stehouwer,Hans H C M Savelberg,Carla J H Van Der Kallen,Miranda T Schram,Hans Bosma,Annemarie Koster,Nicolaas C Schaper,Paul J B Willems

doi:10.1007/s00125-015-3861-8

Julianne D Van Der Berg, Ronald M A Henry + Show 11 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-015-3861-8

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Abstract

Aims/hypothesisThe study investigated cross-sectional associations of total amount and patterns of sedentary behaviour with glucose metabolism status and the metabolic syndrome.MethodsWe included 2,497 participants (mean age 60.0 ± 8.1 years, 52% men) from The Maastricht Study who were asked to wear an activPAL accelerometer 24 h/day for 8 consecutive days. We calculated the daily amount of sedentary time, daily number of sedentary breaks and prolonged sedentary bouts (≥30 min), and the average duration of the sedentary bouts. To determine glucose metabolism status, participants underwent an oral glucose tolerance test. Associations of sedentary behaviour variables with glucose metabolism status and the metabolic syndrome were examined using multinomial logistic regression analyses.ResultsOverall, 1,395 (55.9%) participants had normal glucose metabolism, 388 (15.5%) had impaired glucose metabolism and 714 (28.6%) had type 2 diabetes. The odds ratio per additional hour of sedentary time was 1.22 (95% CI 1.13, 1.32) for type 2 diabetes and 1.39 (1.27, 1.53) for the metabolic syndrome. No significant or only weak associations were seen for the number of sedentary breaks, number of prolonged sedentary bouts or average bout duration with either glucose metabolism status or the metabolic syndrome.Conclusions/interpretationAn extra hour of sedentary time was associated with a 22% increased odds for type 2 diabetes and a 39% increased odds for the metabolic syndrome. The pattern in which sedentary time was accumulated was weakly associated with the presence of the metabolic syndrome. These results suggest that sedentary behaviour may play a significant role in the development and prevention of type 2 diabetes, although longitudinal studies are needed to confirm our findings.

Highlights

MethodsType 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease with high prevalence and incidence worldwide [1] that, next to its classic complications such as cardiovascular disease and retinopathy, can cluster with other chronic diseases such as dementia and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Participants with type 2 diabetes were more often current smokers, were less often consumers of high levels of alcohol, had more often a mobility limitation and had a higher BMI compared with participants from the impaired glucose metabolism (IGM) and normal glucose metabolism (NGM) groups
After adjustment for relevant confounders, the analyses of the sedentary behaviour patterns resulted in statistically significant associations of sedentary breaks and average sedentary bout duration with three to five metabolic syndrome criteria in only model 3 (ORbreaks 0.99, 95% CI 0.98, 1.00; ORbout duration 1.09, 95% CI 1.03, 1.15)

Summary

Introduction

MethodsType 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease with high prevalence and incidence worldwide [1] that, next to its classic complications such as cardiovascular disease and retinopathy, can cluster with other chronic diseases such as dementia and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). General linear models were used to obtain adjusted means of the amount of sedentary time, the number of sedentary breaks, the number of prolonged sedentary bouts and the average bout duration, and these were compared between participants with NGM, IGM and type 2 diabetes.

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