Associations of the adrenomedullin gene polymorphism with prehypertension and hypertension in Lithuanian children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study

Sandrita Simonyte,Renata Kuciene,Virginija Dulskiene,Vaiva Lesauskaite

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-43287-3

Sandrita Simonyte, Renata Kuciene + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-43287-3

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of ADM genetic variant and HBP among Lithuanian adolescents aged 12–15 years. This is a cross-sectional study of a randomly selected sample of 675 12–15-years-old schoolchildren who were surveyed during November 2010 to April 2012 in the baseline survey. Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of ADM gene (rs7129220) was evaluated using real-time PCR. Logistic regression analyses were used to test the associations of ADM (rs7129220) polymorphism with HBP under four inheritance models based on the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and to calculate the odds ratios. In the multivariate analysis, boys carrying ADM AG genotype (vs. carriers of ADM GG genotype), ADM AG + AA genotype (vs. carriers of ADM GG genotype) and ADM AG genotype (vs. carriers of ADM GG + AA genotype) had higher odds of having hypertension in codominant, dominant, and overdominant inheritance models. Girls with ADM AG + AA had increased odds of prehypertension compared to girls with the ADM GG genotype carriers in dominant inheritance model. Significant associations were observed in additive models separately for boys (hypertension) and girls (prehypertension). Our results indicate that ADM gene polymorphism was significantly associated with higher odds of HBP in Lithuanian adolescents aged 12–15 years.

Highlights

High blood pressure affects almost a half of the adult population worldwide and is one of the major risk factors of cardiovascular disease[1]
Its role in blood pressure regulation has been examined in numerous studies[20,22,29], which demonstrated that adrenomedullin could be a promising biomarker for cardiovascular disease in the future[30,31,32]
No significant difference was found between these two groups in mean body mass index (BMI) or in mean mean arterial pressure (MAP)

Summary

Introduction

High blood pressure affects almost a half of the adult population worldwide and is one of the major risk factors of cardiovascular disease[1]. The prevalence of overweight and obesity is increasing in economically developed countries This tendency is observed in adults and in children and adolescents[6]. In addition to environmental factors, a series of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified new loci and genes linked with the risk of elevated resting BP and hypertension in various populations[12,13,14,15,16,17]. It remains unclear how these genetic variation influence blood pressure. Its role in blood pressure regulation has been examined in numerous studies[20,22,29], which demonstrated that adrenomedullin could be a promising biomarker for cardiovascular disease in the future[30,31,32]

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