Abstract
Objectives: The aims of this study are to (1) study the influence of polymorphisms in adiponectin gene on adiponectin levels and potential associations with breast, prostate and colon cancer; (2) investigate the associations of adiponectin levels with other adipokines and breast, prostate and colon cancers.Subjects: We measured fasting adiponectin, leptin, insulin, Sex steroids in 132 (66 females, 66 males) cancer patients and 68 age and sex matched apparently healthy subjects. Body Mass Index (BMI) and waist circumference were used as indices of obesity. Insulin Resistance was assessed using Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA). Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP rs182052 (G-10066-A), SNP rs1501299 (276G > T), SNP rs224176 (45T > G) in adiponectin gene were studied using Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction.Results: GG genotype of SNP rs1501299 was significantly associated with higher levels of adiponectin (OR=1.2, 95%CI(1.03–1.3),p= 0.02); breast (OR=8.6, 95%CI(1.03–71),p= 0.04), colon cancers (OR= 12, 95%CI(1.2–115),p= 0.03). GT genotype was also associated significantly with colon cancer (OR=2.6, 95%CI (1.1–6),p= 0.03). However SNP rs224176 was associated with only breast cancer.Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that adiponectin gene SNP rs1501299 and SNP rs224176 may be the predisposing factors in some cancers but our results differ from what has been reported in other populations suggesting a complex relationship between genetic variations and phenotypic adiponectin levels.
Highlights
There is emerging evidence that adipokines are associated with several types of obesity related cancers
To the best of our knowledge most of the studies have shown that cancer patients had lower adiponectin levels compared to their apparently healthy control subjects
Mantzores and colleagues, have shown that lower circulating adiponectin levels are associated with increased risk of breast cancer [5,6] adiponectin levels have been demonstrated to be lower in prostate cancer patients compared to benign prostatic hyperplasia or healthy control subjects and inversely associated with histological grade and Gleason score [24]
Summary
There is emerging evidence that adipokines are associated with several types of obesity related cancers. Adiponectin is an adipokine that is involved in the. R.M. Al Khaldi et al / Associations of adiponectin gene SNPs in cancer control of glucose, fat metabolism and insulin sensitivity with anti-diabetic, anti-atherogenic and antiinflammatory activities [1]. In addition to its function as an insulin sensitizing hormone, adiponectin may play a role in the regulation of cell growth and death [2, 3]. It inhibits proliferation of cell through selectively binding and sequestering the growth factors such as Platelet Derived Growth Factor (PDGF), Basic fibroblast growth factor and other factors, suppressing their interaction with membrane receptors. It has been proposed that adiponectin is an anti-cancer adipokine that has protective roles against carcinogenesis
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