Associations of polymorphisms of the ovine prion protein gene with growth, carcass, and computerized tomography traits in Scottish Blackface lambs1

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate and estimate the associations of the ovine prion protein (PrP) genotypes with a wide range of performance traits in Scottish Blackface lambs. Performance records of up to 7,138 sheep of known PrP genotypes born from 1999 to 2004 in 2 experimental farms were utilized. Performance traits studied were BW at birth, marking (when the sheep were identified with permanent ear tags at an average age of 52 d), and weaning (average age of 107 d); slaughter traits (BW at slaughter, slaughter age, carcass weight, and carcass conformation); ultrasonic muscle and fat depths; and computerized tomography-predicted carcass composition and carcass yield at weaning. Different linear mixed models, including random, direct animal effect, and up to 3 maternal effects (genetic, permanent, and temporary environmental) were used for the different traits. The PrP genotype was included in the model as a fixed effect, along with other fixed factors with significant effects (P < 0.05). Five separate analyses were carried out for each trait, differing in the method of PrP genotypic classification. The first analysis was based on classifying the sheep into categories according to all 9 available PrP genotypes. In the other 4 analyses, sheep were categorized according to the number of each PrP allele carried. Results showed that there were no significant differences between PrP genotypes for any of the performance traits studied when all 9 genotypes were compared (first analysis). Similarly, performance of the lambs did not significantly differ between genotypes with different numbers of ARR copies. However, there were significant variations in a few traits with respect to the number of ARQ, AHQ, and VRQ alleles carried. Heterozygous lambs for the AHQ or the ARQ allele were significantly heavier at some ages than lambs of the other genotypes. Lambs carrying the VRQ allele required approximately 10 d longer finishing time (P = 0.01) and yielded carcasses approximately 0.5 kg heavier (P = 0.03) compared with noncarriers. The few significant associations found do not have a negative influence on performance when selecting against the most susceptible PrP allele (VRQ) or in favor of the most resistant one (ARR). Overall, there were no major associations of PrP genotypes with most lamb performance traits in Scottish Blackface sheep.