Associations of Osteoarthritis with Prevalence and Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease over 10 Years in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Sydney Memory and Ageing Study

Abstract

Introduction: The data are limited for the association between osteoarthritis (OA) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in community-based older populations and whether there is sex difference. This study aimed to examine the relationship between OA and prevalence and incidence of CVD over 10 years in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: Data on self-reported OA, high cholesterol, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes were collected from 1,025 community-dwelling participants aged 70–90 years in the Sydney Memory and Ageing Study. The presence of CVD at baseline was defined as self-reported presence of stroke, heart attack, transient ischaemic attack, angina, aortic aneurysm, or claudication. The incidence of CVD was defined by a combination of incident self-reported CVD or CVD mortality at different follow-up timepoints over 10 years. Results: At baseline, 395 (38.5%) participants self-reported OA (252 [44.6%] women, 143 [31.1%] men). Self-reported OA was associated with increased prevalence of CVD in women (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.12–2.47) but not men (1.26, 0.80–1.98). In the total population, self-reported OA at baseline was associated with increased incidence of CVD at 4 years (OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.10–2.83), 6 years (1.59, 1.03–2.46), 8 years (1.56, 1.02–2.38), and 10 years (1.66, 1.10–2.50), but not at 2 years (1.43, 0.79–2.57). Significant associations were observed in female participants at 4, 8, and 10 years, with no significant associations seen in male participants. Conclusion: OA was associated with increased prevalence at baseline and incidence of CVD over 10 years in community-based older adults, especially women. Identifying those with OA to target their cardiovascular risk factors while managing their OA has the potential to reduce the burden of CVD in older people, particularly women.