Associations of Objectively-Measured Sedentary Time and Patterns with Cognitive Function in Non-Demented Japanese Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Sanmei Chen,Takanori Honda,Kenji Narazaki,Hiro Kishimoto,Tao Chen,Yu Nofuji

doi:10.3390/ijerph19041999

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the cross-sectional associations of objectively-measured sedentary time and patterns with cognitive function in Japanese older adults. A total of 1681 non-demented community-dwelling older adults (aged 73 ± 6, 62.1% women) were included. Total sedentary time, prolonged sedentary time (accumulated in ≥30 min bouts) and mean sedentary bout length were assessed using a tri-axial accelerometer. Global and domain-specific cognitive functions were measured using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. The average of total sedentary time and prolonged sedentary time were 462 ± 125 and 186 ± 111 min/day, respectively. Greater prolonged sedentary time, but not total sedentary time, was significantly associated with poorer performance in the orientation domain even after controlling for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (p for trend = 0.002). A significant inverse association was also observed between mean sedentary bout length and the orientation domain (p for trend = 0.009). No significant associations were observed for global cognitive function or other cognitive domains. Sedentary time accumulated in prolonged bouts, but not total sedentary time, was inversely associated with orientation ability among older adults. Our results encourage further researches to confirm the role of prolonged sedentary time in changes to cognitive domains over time among older adults.

Highlights

Introduction iationsCognitive functions such as orientation, memory, and visuospatial abilities, naturally decline with advancing age and often occur in neurodegenerative diseases, dementia [1,2]
We aimed to investigate the associations of accelerometermeasured total sedentary time and its patterns of accumulation with cognitive functions among non-demented older adults
The quartile cut-points for prolonged sedentary time were −78, −18, and 58. * Adjusted for age and sex, years of education, living alone, body mass index, multimorbidity, employment, current smoker, and current drinker. † MVPA was adjusted for accelerometer wear time by using the residuals method

Summary

Introduction

Introduction iationsCognitive functions such as orientation, memory, and visuospatial abilities, naturally decline with advancing age and often occur in neurodegenerative diseases, dementia [1,2]. Even when a clinical diagnosis of dementia is not reached, declines in cognitive functions are often evident [3] and can cause disability, increased risk of mortality [4], and substantial increases in healthcare burdens [5]. Increasing evidence from observational studies and randomized clinical trials suggests the benefits of increasing physical activity to promote or maintain cognitive health in later life [6,7]. Commission Report suggests that addressing modifiable risk factors including physical inactivity might prevent or delay up to 40% of dementia cases [8]. It is of critical clinical interest to identify other potentially modifiable risk factors that may delay the progression of cognitive decline

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