Abstract
BackgroundThe study aimed to investigate the independent and combined effects of midpoint of sleep and night sleep duration on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in areas with limited resources.MethodsA total of 37,276 participants (14,456 men and 22,820 women) were derived from the Henan Rural Cohort Study. Sleep information was assessed based on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Logistic regression models and restricted cubic splines were used to estimate the relationship of the midpoint of sleep and night sleep duration with T2DM.ResultsOf the 37,276 included participants, 3580 subjects suffered from T2DM. The mean midpoint of sleep among the Early, Intermediate and Late groups were 1:05 AM ±23 min, 1:56 AM ±14 min, and 2:57 AM ±34 min, respectively. Compared to the Intermediate group, adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of T2DM were 1.13 (1.04–1.22) and 1.14 (1.03–1.26) in the Early group and the Late group. Adjusted OR (95% CI) for T2DM compared with the reference (7- h) was 1.28 (1.08–1.51) for longer (≥ 10 h) night sleep duration. The combination of late midpoint of sleep and night sleep duration (≥ 9 h) increased 38% (95% CI 10–74%) prevalence of T2DM. These associations were more obvious in women than men.ConclusionsLate and early midpoint of sleep and long night sleep duration were all associated with higher prevalence of T2DM. Meanwhile, midpoint of sleep and night sleep duration might have combined effects on the prevalence of T2DM, which provided potential health implications for T2DM prevention, especially in rural women.Trial registrationThe Henan Rural Cohort Study has been registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Register (Registration number: ChiCTR-OOC-15006699). Date of registration: 2015-07-06.
Highlights
The study aimed to investigate the independent and combined effects of midpoint of sleep and night sleep duration on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in areas with limited resources
Of the 37,276 participants, 3580 subjects suffered from T2DM
A U-shaped doseresponse relationship between the midpoint of sleep and T2DM was found in the present study, which indicates that early and late midpoint of sleep may increase the higher odds of T2DM
Summary
The study aimed to investigate the independent and combined effects of midpoint of sleep and night sleep duration on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in areas with limited resources. It was reported that the number of adults with diabetes worldwide aged 20–79 years reached 463 million, which will increase to 578.4 million by 2030 and 700.2 million by 2045 [1]. Large prospective studies have demonstrated that long or short night sleep duration was associated with increased risk of T2DM [4,5,6,7]. Sleep timing is another important sleep variable that represents a person’s sleep preferences besides night sleep duration. A prospective study from Korea examining the impact of sleep time on the incidence of T2DM showed that habitual late sleep was related to higher risk of T2DM [8]. A recent study from the UK Biobank showed that late chronotype increased the risk of T2DM [14]
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