Associations of Diet Quality and Sleep Quality with Obesity.

Soohee Hur,Bumjo Oh,Hyesook Kim,Oran Kwon

doi:10.3390/nu13093181

Abstract

Short sleep duration or poor sleep quality has been associated with an increased risk of obesity. Although the underlying mechanism remains unclear, one proposed pathway is poor diet quality. This cross-sectional study investigated whether diet quality modifies the association between sleep status and obesity in Korean adults. We used the baseline data and samples of 737 men and 428 women (n = 1165) aged 19–64, who participated in the prospective Ewha–Boramae cohort study. Sleep duration was dichotomized into ≥7 h (adequate) and <7 h (insufficient). Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) values, reflecting sleep quality, were dichotomized into >5 (poor quality) and ≤5 (good quality). Diet quality was evaluated by the Recommended Food Score (RFS). Obesity was associated with higher rates of insufficient sleep and poor sleep quality in women, but not in men. After adjustment for covariates, women with poor sleep quality had a higher risk of obesity than women with good sleep quality (OR = 2.198; 95% CI = 1.027–4.704); this association occurred only in the group with RFS ≤ median score. Our findings support a significant association between sleep quality and obesity, and this association has been potentially modified by dietary quality in women.

Highlights

The prevalence of obesity has reached epidemic proportions across all genders, ages, and ethnicities
After adjustment for covariates, women with poor sleep quality had a higher risk of obesity than women with good sleep quality (OR = 2.198; 95% CI = 1.027–4.704); this association occurred only in the group with Recommended Food Score (RFS) ≤ median score
When comparing general characteristics according to sex, the women were younger and had lower body mass index (BMI), hip circumference, and waist circumference, and lower proportions of married people, current smokers, current drinkers, and physical activity participation compared to men

Summary

Introduction

The prevalence of obesity has reached epidemic proportions across all genders, ages, and ethnicities. Short/inadequate sleep duration and compromised sleep quality are represented as contributing factors to the obesity epidemic [1,2,3]. As well as meta-analyses and systematic reviews, have provided evidence that sleep status, such as sleep duration [4,5] and sleep quality [6,7], are associated with overweight and obesity. The potential mechanisms linking sleep and obesity might include decreased physical activity and a low-quality diet [5,8]. Poor sleep quality is often associated with unhealthy habits and lifestyle modifications, such as decreased physical activity and the consumption of high-calorie foods and beverages [12,13]

Methods

Results

Conclusion