Abstract
Limited evidence is available on apparent temperature (AT) and hospital admissions for acute cardiac events. We examined the associations of AT with admissions for acute cardiac events and acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and explored the effect difference between ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction ACS (NSTE-ACS). Poisson regression with distributed lag non-linear model was applied to examine the temperature-lag-admission associations. Stratified analyses were performed by gender and age-groups for acute cardiac events. A total of 11,657 acute cardiac events admissions were collected from hospital-based chest pain centers in Beijing, during 2017–2019. The single day effect of low AT (− 11 °C, 2.5th percentile) appeared on the 2nd day and persisted until the 11th day, with estimated relative risk (RR) ranging from 1.44 (95% CI: 1.159, 1.790) to 1.084 (95% CI: 1.022, 1.150) for acute cardiac events and from 1.034 (95% CI: 1.010, 1.059) to 1.006 (95% CI: 1.000, 1.011) for ACS. The single day effect of high AT (34 °C, 97.5th percentile) was only observed on the current day. The cold effect on acute cardiac events was more pronounced among female and older patients. The cumulative effect of high AT on STEMI admissions and low AT on NSTE-ACS reached a peak RR peak of 2.545 (95% CI: 1.016, 6.375) and 3.71 (95% CI: 1.315, 10.469) on lag 0–6 days, respectively. Both high and low ATs were associated with increased risk of acute cardiac events and ACS admissions. STEMI admissions may be more sensitive to high AT while NSTE-ACS to low AT.
Highlights
Ranking the first cause of disability adjusted life years (DALYs) in 50-years-and-older population in 2019, ischemic heart disease (IHD) has been one of the ten most important drivers of increasing disease burden over the past three decades worldwide[1]
A number of studies have reported the association between temperature and morbidity of AMI, few studies investigated the association stratified by subtypes of AMI
This data reporting platform served as a national surveillance system to evaluate the characteristics, treatments, and outcomes of patients hospitalized with acute cardiac events, launched by the Chinese Cardiovascular Association
Summary
Ranking the first cause of disability adjusted life years (DALYs) in 50-years-and-older population in 2019, ischemic heart disease (IHD) has been one of the ten most important drivers of increasing disease burden over the past three decades worldwide[1]. Meteorological factors including ambient temperature, humidity, sunshine, atmospheric pressure, have been reported to be associated with mortality or morbidity of cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction, out-of-hospital cardiac a rrest[5,6,7,8,9,10,11]. Some studies proposed that raw temperature indicator may not accurately describe the true thermal effects, because human perception of ambient temperature depends on both temperature and other meteorological factors such as humidity and wind s peed[24,25]. The aim of our study was to explore the impacts of AT on daily hospital admissions due to acute cardiac events in Beijing, China, from 2017 and 2019. We sought to explore whether the AT-admissions associations varied by gender, age and types of ACS
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