Abstract
BackgroundWe examined the associations between accelerometry-measured physical activity (PA) and incidence of 13 cancers among a cohort of postmenopausal women.MethodsIn this prospective study, 6382 women wore ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometers at the hip for up to 7 days during 2012–2013, and were followed over a median of 4.7 years for diagnosis of 13 invasive cancers. Calibrated intensity cut points were used to define minutes per day of total, light and moderate-to-vigorous PA. We used multivariable Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for tertiles, and one-standard deviation (SD) unit increments of PA exposures in relation to cancer incidence. We examined effect measure modification by age, race/ethnicity, body mass index and smoking history.ResultsThe highest (vs. lowest) tertiles of total, light and moderate-to-vigorous PA were associated with covariate-adjusted HRs of 0.72 (95% CI = 0.53–0.97), 0.81 (95% CI = 0.60–1.09) and 0.66 (95% CI = 0.48–0.91), respectively. In age-stratified analyses, HRs for total PA were lower among women <80 years (HRper one-SD = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.63–0.90) than among women ≥80 years (HRper one-SD = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.82–1.18) (PInteraction = 0.03). Race/ethnicity, BMI and smoking did not strongly modify these associations.ConclusionsEngaging in physical activity may play a beneficial role in the prevention of certain cancers in older women.
Highlights
We examined the associations between accelerometry-measured physical activity (PA) and incidence of 13 cancers among a cohort of postmenopausal women
We examined the association between PA assessed by accelerometry and incidence of 13 cancers previously shown to be associated with PA,[10] among postmenopausal women participating in the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) Objective Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health (OPACH) Study.[13]
Women with the highest tertiles of total PA had a hazard ratios (HRs) of 0.72 in Model 2 (PTrend = 0.03)
Summary
We examined the associations between accelerometry-measured physical activity (PA) and incidence of 13 cancers among a cohort of postmenopausal women. More than half of the newly diagnosed cancer cases are considered preventable through lifestyle modifications, vaccinations and better implementation of clinical screening guidelines.[5] Lifestyle factors, such as physical inactivity, are important contributors to the incidence of cancer.[6] the exact biological mechanisms continue to be elucidated, it has long been hypothesised that physical activity (PA) may play an important role in cancer prevention by favourably impacting metabolic and hormonal pathways, and optimising physiologic and immunologic function in the human body, among other benefits.[7] Numerous epidemiologic studies have shown that individuals who self-report higher levels of leisure-time PA have an overall lower risk of developing[8] and dying from cancer.[9] the benefits of PA for primary prevention appear to vary by cancer type. In a pooled analysis of 1.44 million adults from 12 prospective US and European cohorts, Moore et al examined the relationship between leisure-time PA and incidence of 26 site-specific cancers, and reported that regularly engaging in higher levels of moderate-tovigorous physical activity (MVPA) was associated with lower risk of
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