Associations between urinary level of bisphenol A, phthalates, 8-iso-prostaglandin-F2α, and emotional and behavioral problems among Chinese adolescents

Abstract

BackgroundEmotional and behavioral problems (EBPs) of adolescents is a worldwide public health problem. Bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalate (PAEs) are prevalent and potentially toxic to human health. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the associations between urinary level of BPA, PAEs, 8-iso-prostaglandin-F2α (8-iso-PGF2α), and EBPs. MethodsA total of 865 Chinese adolescents were included in this study and EBPs was assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Urinary concentrations of BPA and seven PAEs metabolites in adolescents were determined by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Urinary 8-iso-PGF2α concentration was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Spearman rank correlation analysis, multivariate logistic regression analysis, restricted cubic spline functions were used to explore the relationship between the levels of BPA, PAEs, 8-iso-PGF2α and EBPs. ResultsBPA and PAEs metabolites were positively associated with EBPs in Chinese adolescents. And the 8-iso-PGF2α was significantly non-linearly correlated with emotional symptoms, conduct problems, peer problems and total difficulties. Furthermore, 8-iso-PGF2α may partially mediate the association between BPA and PAEs exposure and EBPs. LimitationsThis study was a cross-sectional study, the cause-effect relationship between BPA, PAEs exposure and EBPs could not be determined. A single spot urine sample for BPA and PAEs exposure characterization maybe could not represent their long-term exposure level. ConclusionsHigh exposure of BPA and PAEs are associated with EBPs, which may be partly mediated by oxidative stress among adolescents. The results of this study could provide certain ideas for subsequent related research.