Associations between Physical Activity, Depression, and Quality of Life in Elderly: Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Background: The aging process is associated with a greater prevalence of long-term health problems. One of them is a significant increase in problems including mental health problems in the elderly demographic. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that about one in every ten elderly people suffer from depress­ion, which is a factor that can reduce the of life (QOL) of the elderly. QOL can be concep­tualized as a set of harmonious satis­factions that individuals get in their daily lives by taking into account the physical, psycho­logical and social aspects of life. Good QOL for the elderly can be interpreted as feeling better in carrying out basic daily activities (Activity of Daily Living/ ADLs) properly and living inde­pen­dently. One of the aspects that play an import­ant role in improving the of life of the elderly is activity. This study aims to determine the average strength of the relation­ship between activity and depression and of life in the elderly based on the results of previous research. Subjects and Method: This study is a syste­matic review and meta-analysis using a design. The articles used in this study were obtained from several databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Springerlink, and Sciencedirect. The articles used in this study are those published from 2010-2020. The arti­cle search was carried out by considering the eligibility criteria defined using the PICO model. P: Male and female aged ≥ 60 years, I: Physical C: sedentary behavior O: Depression and Quality of Life. The keywords to search for articles were as follows: physical activity, quality of elder­ly, cross-sectional and adjusted odds ratio. The articles included in this study are full text articles with a study design. Articles were collected using PRISMA flow dia­grams and analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application. Results: A total of 16 articles were reviewed in this study. The meta-analysis showed that phy­sical activity can reduce the risk of depression in the elderly (aOR= 0.72; 95% CI= 0.52 to 1.00; p<0.001). The meta-analysis also showed that activity can improve the of life of the elderly (aOR= 1.25; 95% CI= 1.05 to 1.48; p<0.001). Conclusion: Physical activity can reduce the risk of depression and can improve the of life among elderly. Keyword s : depression, of life, elderly, Correspondence: Fatchurrohmah Ines Prabandari. Masters Pro­gram in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: inesfatchur@gmail.com. Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2020), 05(04): 420-434 https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2020.05.04.04