Abstract
BackgroundMatrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) polymorphisms have been implicated in the pathogenesis of glaucoma risk. However, the results were controversial. We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the precise associations between MMPs polymorphisms and glaucoma risk.MethodsRelated studies were reviewed by searching electronic databases within four databases. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the association between the most common polymorphisms of MMPs and glaucoma risk. Heterogeneity, publication bias and sensitivity analysis were conducted to guarantee the statistical power.ResultsOverall, 11 selected articles involving 2,388 cases and 2,319 controls were included in this meta-analysis. Significant associations were only found between MMP-9 rs17576 G > A polymorphism (GA vs. GG: OR = 0.80, 95%CI = 0.67-0.97, P = 0.02, I2 = 0%), MMP-9 rs3918249 C > T polymorphism (TT vs. CC + CT: OR = 0.71, 95%CI = 0.51-0.98, P = 0.04, I2 = 0%) and glaucoma risk in the general population. Subgroup analysis also suggested that MMP-9 rs17576 G > A was related to glaucoma in the Caucasian population (GA vs. GG: OR = 0.67, 95%CI = 0.45-1.00, P = 0.05; GA + AA vs. GG: OR = 0.66, 95%CI = 0.45-0.97, P = 0.03, I2 = 0%).ConclusionsOur meta-analysis demonstrates that MMP-9 rs17576 G > A polymorphism might be a protective factor against the development of glaucoma in Caucasian population.
Highlights
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) polymorphisms have been implicated in the pathogenesis of glaucoma risk
Glaucoma is a heterogeneous disease of the eye characterized by the progressive degeneration of retinal ganglion cells and loss of vision associated with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) [1]
1 study was excluded for not involving glaucoma research; 2 studies without related polymorphisms locus were excluded; 6 studies were excluded for fundamental molecular biology researches; and 8 studies were excluded because they were reviews
Summary
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) polymorphisms have been implicated in the pathogenesis of glaucoma risk. In China, there were approximately 15.8 million patients with glaucoma in 2010 and the number of patients is projected to increase to 21.8 million by 2020 [3]. This visual disorder results in severe disability, a reduced quality of life, and a substantial economic burden for individuals and society. Many molecular epidemiological studies have suggested that glaucoma is a complex multifactorial disease Various risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension, lifestyle habits (e.g., smoking tobacco and drinking alcohol), age, and genetics play interacting roles in the development of glaucoma. Aqueous humor (AH) drainage is influenced by the ECM, which modulates AH outflow from the anterior chamber via the irido-corneal drainage angle to regulate
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