Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the major causes of death among men. Our study investigated the association of ESR1 and ESR2 genotypes with susceptibility to PCa in relation to smoking status in Japanese. A case-control study was performed with 750 Japanese prostate cancer patients and 870 healthy controls. After age-matching in case-controls, 352 controls and 352 cases were enrolled in this study. By using logistic regression analysis, the different genotypes from ESR1 and ESR2 were analyzed according to case/control status. ESR2 rs4986938 AG and AG+AA genotypes were associated with significantly decreased risk of PCa (AG: OR=0.68, 95% CI 0.47-0.97, P<0.05 and AG+AA: OR=0.67, 95% CI 0.47-0.94, P<0.05). However, there was no significant association between ESR1 rs2234693 and PCa risk. When patients were grouped according to smoking status, the ESR2 rs1256049 AA genotype (OR=0.48, 95% CI 0.25-0.95, P<0.05) and ESR2 rs4986938 AG+AA genotype (OR=0.64, 95% CI 0.41-1.00, P<0.05) showed significantly decreased PCa risk in the ever-smoker group. Our results suggest that the estrogen receptor ESR2 has a very important function to predict PCa and that different SNPs have different predictive values. Smoking may influence estrogenic activity and may influence PCa together with the estrogen receptor.
Highlights
Prostate cancer (PCa), known as carcinoma of the prostate, is the development of cancer in the prostate, a gland in the male reproductive system [1]
Our results suggest that the estrogen receptor ESR2 has a very important function to predict PCa and that & Xi Lu lucyk1984@hotmail.com
All subjects were classified into two groups according to smoking status by self-report: the ‘‘never’’ group composed of non-smokers and the ‘‘ever’’ group composed of both current smokers and ex-smokers
Summary
Prostate cancer (PCa), known as carcinoma of the prostate, is the development of cancer in the prostate, a gland in the male reproductive system [1]. The number of clinical cases has been increasing annually. In Japan, PCa deaths accounted for 3.5–4 % of the total cancer deaths and it is predicted that mortality will increase to 10 % of the total cancer deaths, with more than 80,000 males suffering from PCa in 2020 [2]. Almost all prostate cancers are detected in men aged [50 years; asymptomatic patients are usually identified through screening programs and symptomatic individuals present at outpatient clinics. About 70 % of deaths due to prostate cancer are observed in patients C75 years old in the USA [3] and Japan [4]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
