Associations Between Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Score and Long-Term Mortality After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Analysis of More Than 27,000 Patients

Abstract

BackgroundThe dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) score was developed to identify patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) who are likely to derive benefit (score ≥ 2) or harm (score < 2) from extended DAPT beyond 1 year after PCI in terms of ischemic and bleeding outcomes. We examined the associations between DAPT score at index PCI and long-term mortality from an all-comers PCI registry in patients receiving DAPT according to the standard of care. MethodsWe retrospectively examined prospectively collected data from the Melbourne Interventional Group PCI database (2005-2018) and grouped patients as having DAPT score ≥ 2 or < 2. Long-term mortality was assessed from the Australian National Death Index linkage. The primary end point was long-term mortality as determined using survival analysis. Secondary end points included in-hospital events and 30-day major adverse cardiac events (MACE), a composite of death, myocardial infarction, or target vessel revascularisation. ResultsOf 27,740 study patients, 9402 (33.9%) had DAPT score ≥ 2. Patients with DAPT score ≥ 2 were younger, included more women, and had a higher prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors. Patients with DAPT score ≥ 2 had higher in-hospital mortality (3.0% vs 1.0%), major bleeding (2.3% vs 1.6%), 30-day MACE (7.1% vs 3.1%), and long-term mortality at a median follow-up of 5.17 years (21.9% vs 16.5%) P < 0.001 for all. ConclusionsOne-third of all-comer patients undergoing PCI had a DAPT score ≥ 2 with greater short-term ischemic and bleeding risk, and higher long-term mortality. Risk assessment with the DAPT score may guide the duration and intensity of DAPT beyond the early post-PCI period.