Abstract
BackgroundDiet-related cardiovascular diseases have produced a large health burden in China. Coal miners are a high-risk population for cardiovascular disease, but there is little evidence concerning associations between coal miners’ dietary patterns and their 10-year cardiovascular disease risk score levels.MethodsThe study included 2632 participants and focused on dietary patterns associated with higher 10-year cardiovascular disease risk score levels. A valid semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to collect data regarding dietary intake, and dietary patterns were identified using factor analysis combined with cluster analysis. Logistic regression was used to assess associations between dietary patterns and 10-year cardiovascular disease risk score levels.ResultsFor ground workers, compared with the ‘Healthy’ pattern, the ‘High-salt’ and ‘Refined grains’ patterns were significantly associated with higher 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk score level (OR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.02–2.21; OR: 1.92, 95% CI: 1.26–2.93) and 10-year ischemic cardiovascular disease risk score level (OR: 2.18, 95% CI: 1.25–3.80; OR: 2.64, 95% CI: 1.48–4.72) adjusted for gender, and behavioural and socioeconomic factors. The ‘High-fat and salt’ pattern was significantly associated with higher 10-year ischemic cardiovascular disease risk score level (OR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.13–3.42). For underground workers, the ‘High-salt’ pattern was significantly associated with higher 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk score level (OR: 1.65, 95% CI: 1.16–2.36) and 10-year ischemic cardiovascular disease risk score level (OR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.09–2.84).ConclusionsThis study provides evidence for dietary patterns associated with higher 10-year cardiovascular disease risk score levels in Chinese miners, and facilitates relevant departments in designing effective dietary guidelines to ameliorate dietary structures.
Highlights
Diet-related cardiovascular diseases have produced a large health burden in China
Each cardiovascular disease (CVD) is undesirable for maintaining a healthy population, and previous studies have shown that coal mining areas have higher CVD risk and mortality than non-coal mining areas [6,7,8], so to improve the primary prevention of CVD, coal miners’ health should be taken seriously
The 10-year atherosclerosis cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) risk score was calculated by the sexspecific evaluation figure of ASCVD risk developed by the Joint Committee of Dyslipidemia Management [27]; the risk factors included in evaluation models were age, blood pressure (BP), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, current smoking status, and diabetes
Summary
Diet-related cardiovascular diseases have produced a large health burden in China. Coal miners are a high-risk population for cardiovascular disease, but there is little evidence concerning associations between coal miners’ dietary patterns and their 10-year cardiovascular disease risk score levels. Among CVDs, atherosclerosis cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) have remained at a high prevalence, and ischemic cardiovascular diseases (ICVD) have produced large health burden [2, 5]. Current evidence on the impact of coal miners’ dietary pattern on CVD is scant. This study focused on the dietary patterns associated with 10-year CVD risk score levels, so it may offer potential benefits for primary prevention of CVD in miners by identifying suboptimal diets, and facilitate relevant departments in designing effective dietary guidelines
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