Associations Between Androgen Exposure, PCOS, and Transmasculine Individuals with Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

Abstract

Objectiveor Purpose: The prevalence of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) among transmasculine, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and androgen-exposed patients remains largely unexplored. While these groups involve patients with elevated testosterone levels, previous literature is inconclusive on the influence of testosterone on CSCR. This study aimed to determine the relationship between CSCR and cohorts with exogenous androgen exposure, female-to-male (FTM) transgender individuals, and those diagnosed with PCOS. DesignCross-sectional study. SubjectsPatients with CSCR, receiving exogenous androgens, FTM transgender individuals (defined as gender identity disorder (GID), endocrine disorder not otherwise specified, sex-discordant hormone therapy, and FTM surgery), and patients with PCOS. MethodsAn electronic health records platform of over 100 million patients was examined for this study. Patients were identified through ICD-10 and procedural codes. Patients with prior steroid prescriptions, anxiety disorders, and fluticasone use were excluded. Prevalence and prevalence odds ratios (OR) of comorbid CSCR were calculated utilizing R Studio and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Main Outcome MeasuresPrevalence, prevalence ORs, and 95% CIs of CSCR. ResultsAmong 21,056 CSCR patients, the mean age was 61 years [SD±15], with 67.95% being male. The prevalence of CSCR was highest among those receiving exogenous androgen therapy (24.13 per 1,000 CSCR patients; OR: 5.84, 95% CI: 5.35-6.37). The FTM surgery (OR: 3.04) and sex discordant hormone therapy (OR: 5.32) cohorts also showed significant associations with CSCR (p < 0.05). PCOS patients had a more limited but still significant association (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.013-1.49). GID did not show a significant relationship with CSCR (p > 0.05). ConclusionsThis study which investigated the associations between FTM transgender, PCOS patients, and CSCR demonstrates that conditions linked with elevated androgens are associated with higher odds of CSCR. These findings emphasize the value of ophthalmic screenings in these populations, particularly within the transgender healthcare community.