Associations Between a New Disruptive Behaviors Scale and Teamwork, Patient Safety, Work-Life Balance, Burnout, and Depression

Abstract

Disruptive and unprofessional behaviors occur frequently in health care and adversely affect patient care and health care worker job satisfaction. These behaviors have rarely been evaluated at a work setting level, nor do we fully understand how disruptive behaviors (DBs) are associated with important metrics such as teamwork and safety climate, work-life balance, burnout, and depression. Using a cross-sectional survey of all health care workers in a large US health system, this study aimed to introduce a brief scale for evaluating DBs at a work setting level, evaluate the scale's psychometric properties and provide benchmarking prevalence data from the health care system, and investigate associations between DBs and other validated measures of safety culture and well-being. One or more of six DBs were reported by 97.8% of work settings. DBs were reported in similar frequencies by men and women, and by most health care worker roles. The six-item disruptive behavior scale demonstrated an internal consistency of α = 0.867. DB climate was significantly correlated with poorer teamwork climate, safety climate, job satisfaction, and perceptions of management; lower work-life balance; increased emotional exhaustion (burnout); and increased depression (p < 0.001 for each). A 10-unit increase in DB climate was associated with a 3.89- and 3.83-point decrease in teamwork and safety climate, respectively, and a 3.16- and 2.42-point increase in burnout and depression, respectively. Disruptive behaviors are common, measurable, and associated with safety culture and health care worker well-being. This concise DB scale affords researchers a new, valid, and actionable tool to assess DBs.