Abstract
BackgroundPeroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARG) belongs to the nuclear receptor superfamily functioning as transcription factors to regulate cellular differentiation, development and metabolism. Moreover, it has been implicated in the regulation of lipid metabolism, as well as the maturation of monocytes/macrophages and the control of inflammatory reactions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the Pro12Ala (rs1808212) PPARG gene polymorphism on immune molecular and cellular components in mothers and their offspring participating in the PREOBE study.MethodsDNA from maternal venous blood samples at 24, 34 and 40 gestational weeks, plus cord blood samples was extracted. Pro12Ala PPARG polymorphism genotyping was performed, and immune system markers were analyzed by flow cytometry.ResultsStudy findings revealed no effect of rs1808212 PPARG genotypes on innate immune parameters in mothers and their offspring; however, CD4 + /CD8 + ratio were decreased at 24 and 34 weeks in pregnant women carrying the CG (Pro12Ala) rs1808212 polymorphism, (p = 0,012 and p = 0,030; respectively). Only CD19 levels in peripheral blood were significantly higher at delivery in pregnant women carrying the CC (Pro12Pro) genotype (p ≤ 0.001). Moreover, there were statistically significant differences in leukocytes and neutrophils maternal levels at 34 weeks of gestation, being lower in carriers of Pro12Ala genotype (p = 0.028 and p = 0.031, respectively).ConclusionsResults suggest that Pro12Ala PPARG polymorphism may have an effect on some cell and immune parameters in pregnant women during pregnancy and at time of delivery. However, newborn innate immune system does not seems to be influenced by PPARG Pro12Ala polymorphism in cord blood.
Highlights
Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARG) belongs to the nuclear receptor superfam‐ ily functioning as transcription factors to regulate cellular differentiation, development and metabolism
The main objective of this study is to examine the possible influence of PPARGPro12Ala polymorphism in pregnant women and their offspring on some immunological and cellular parameters during pregnancy and at birth
Our results suggest that during pregnancy, the majority of immune components are not altered in Ala12 PPARGcarrier mothers with respect to Pro12Pro subjects
Summary
Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARG) belongs to the nuclear receptor superfam‐ ily functioning as transcription factors to regulate cellular differentiation, development and metabolism. It has been implicated in the regulation of lipid metabolism, as well as the maturation of monocytes/macrophages and the control of inflammatory reactions. A successful pregnancy requires a robust, dynamic and responsive immune system. Immune modulation and tolerance induction are required at the beginning of the pregnancy to allow implantation, but a successful pregnancy depends on a responsive immune system that can protect both the mother and the fetus against environmental insults when necessary [1]. The immunological milieu during pregnancy is unique, modulated and dynamic, and definitely not suppressed [2]
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