Association of XbaI polymorphism of ApoB gene with lipid profile, risk factors and dietary pattern in coronary artery disease Egyptian rural and urban patients

Abstract

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a complex disorder. It is thought to be a result of gene-gene and gene-environment interactions. It was reported that XbaI polymorphism of ApoB gene is associated with CAD. However, the results were conflicting and risk factors were not fully studied in the previous studies. Aim: It was to estimate the association of XbaI polymorphism of ApoB gene with lipid profile, risk factors and dietary pattern in CAD Egyptian population. Subjects and Methods: This study was conducted on 400 Egyptians (200 healthy subjects; 100 Rural and 100 Urban controls and 200 CAD patients; 100 Rural and 100 Urban patients). CAD patients were diagnosed on the bases of clinical and angiographic assessment. Polymerase chain reaction – Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to genotype ApoB XbaI polymorphism of ApoB gene. Results: The ApoB XbaI X+X+ genotype frequency was higher in urban control versus urban CAD subgroups. Multivariate analysis revealed that male gender, hypertension, smoking, increased body mass index (BMI), high serum total cholesterol (TC), low serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and high score of unhealthy diet were associated with CAD increased risk, while high score of healthy diet was protective.