Abstract
BackgroundGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) increased risk of perinatal complications for both the women and the fetuses. The association between the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism and GDM has not been thoroughly investigated in Chinese pregnant women. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether VDR gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs154410, rs7975232, rs731236, rs2228570 and rs739837 contribute to GDM risk in Wuhan, China. Moreover, we aimed to explore their combined effects on the risk of GDM.MethodsPregnant women who had prenatal examinations at 24 to 28 weeks’ gestation in our hospital from January 15, 2018 to March 31, 2019 were included in this case-control study. After exclusion, a total of 1684 pregnant women (826 GDM patients and 858 non-diabetic controls) were recruited. The clinical information and blood samples were collected by trained interviewers and nurses. Genotyping of candidate SNPs was conducted on the Sequenom MassARRAY platform. Statistical analyses including t-test, ANOVA, chi-square test and logistic regression were performed to the data with SPSS Software to evaluate differences in genotype distribution and associations with GDM risk. Multifactor dimensionality reduction method was used to explore the gene-gene interactions on the risk of GDM.ResultsDifferences in age, pre-pregnancy BMI, family history of diabetes and previous history of GDM between the case and control groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05), whereas no significant differences were found in height, gravidity, parity, and age of menarche (P > 0.05). There were no significant differences at genotype distributions of the examined VDR gene SNPs (P > 0.05). After adjusting by age, pre-pregnancy BMI, family history of diabetes, the results of logistic regression analysis showed no associations of the five SNPs with GDM in all the four genotype models(P > 0.05). Furthermore, there were no gene-gene interactions on the GDM risk among the five examined VDR gene SNPs.ConclusionsThe VDR gene SNPs rs154410, rs7975232, rs731236, rs2228570 and rs739837 showed neither significant associations nor gene-gene interactions with GDM in Wuhan, China.
Highlights
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) increased risk of perinatal complications for both the women and the fetuses
Pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), family history of diabetes, the results of logistic regression analysis showed no associations of the five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with GDM in all the four genotype models(P > 0.05)
There were no gene-gene interactions on the GDM risk among the five examined vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene SNPs
Summary
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) increased risk of perinatal complications for both the women and the fetuses. The association between the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism and GDM has not been thoroughly investigated in Chinese pregnant women. We aimed to determine whether VDR gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs154410, rs7975232, rs731236, rs2228570 and rs739837 contribute to GDM risk in Wuhan, China. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy [1]. It is essential to identify potential risk factors of GDM for the health of women and children. Its exact etiology is unknown, genetic variations related to ß-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance have been shown to contribute to the development of GDM [8, 9]. Given the fact that women with a history of GDM are at an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D) later in their lives [10] and women with a family history of diabetes may be predisposed to an increased risk of GDM [11], it is plausible to hypothesize that GDM may share the similar risk factors and genetic susceptibilities with T2D [12]
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