Abstract
BackgroundBreast cancer is a heterogeneous disease consisting of different subtypes. Trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type 1 (TRPS1) gene, a GATA-type transcription factor, has been found to be highly expressed in breast cancer. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is known to play an important role in tumour invasion and metastasis. Our objective was to elucidate the different roles and clinical relevance of TRPS1 in different estrogen receptor (ER) expression subtypes of breast cancer.MethodsAn immunohistochemical study was performed. The correlation between clinicopathological features and other biomarker profiles were analysed statistically.ResultTRPS1 expression was correlated with the patients’ age (P = 0.017). It was positively related with ERα (P < 0.001), progesterone receptor (PR) (P < 0.001) and ERβ (P = 0.001) status, but negatively associated with Ki67 (P = 0.002) and HER2 (P = 0.025) status. In ERα-positive breast cancer, TRPS1 expression was positively associated with the expression of E-cadherin (P < 0.001), β-catenin(P = 0.001), ERβ (P = 0.03), and p53 (P = 0.002) status, while in ERα-negative breast cancer, TRPS1 expression was correlated with slug (P = 0.004), vimentin (P = 0.003), smooth muscle actin (SMA) (P = 0.031), and IMP3 (P = 0.005) expression.ConclusionsBased on our findings, we conclude that TRPS1 is positively associated with E-cadherin and β-catenin status in ERα-positive breast cancer cells, while it is also significantly associated with mesenchymal markers of EMT in ERα-negative breast cancer cells. TRPS1 can be a prognostic marker depending on the type of breast cancer.Virtual SlidesThe virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/8686515681264281
Highlights
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease consisting of different subtypes
Based on our findings, we conclude that Tricho-rhinophalangeal syndrome-1 gene (TRPS1) is positively associated with E-cadherin and β-catenin status in estrogen receptor α (ERα)-positive breast cancer cells, while it is significantly associated with mesenchymal markers of Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in ERα-negative breast cancer cells
TRPS1 can be a prognostic marker depending on the type of breast cancer
Summary
Trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type 1 (TRPS1) gene, a GATA-type transcription factor, has been found to be highly expressed in breast cancer. Gene expression profiling and immunohistochemistry (IHC) studies have been identified Tricho-rhinophalangeal syndrome-1 gene (TRPS1), a new GATA family member, to be highly prevalent gene in breast cancer [5,6]. TRPS is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterised by craniofacial and skeletal anomalies due to mutations or deletions of the TRPS1 gene It is composed of nine zinc finger motifs including a single GATA-type DNA-binding domain flanked by two potential nuclear localisation signals (NLS) and two C-terminal zinc fingers closely related to the domain found in the Ikaros family of lymphoid transcription factors [7]. It has been demonstrated that TRPS1 is a transcriptional repressor and its activities are dependent on both the highly conserved
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