Association of Triglyceride glucose index with the outcomes of Ischemic stroke.

Abstract

Background Ischemic stroke is a primary contributor to both mortality and disability on a global scale. The triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index), which measures insulin resistance, has been found as a possible predictor of outcomes of cerebrovascular events. Objective To examine the correlation between TyG index and outcomes in patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke. Methods This retrospective analysis of 200 patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke was carried out at the department of medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar between 1st August 2022 and 31st December 2023. Triglyceride/glucose ratio was determined using the formula TyG = ln [Fasting triglycerides (mg/dl)/Fasting glucose (mg/dl)]/2. Patients were categorized into two Group A (TyG index < 8.8) and Group B (TyG index > 8.8). Demographic data, clinical features, and stroke outcomes, such as death and functional status (assessed by the modified Rankin Scale [mRS]), were compared between the two groups. Results Group A contained (112) patients and Group B (88). Both Group A and Group B had 51.8% (n=58) and 51.1% (n=45) male patients respectively. The mean age of patients in Group A was 65.4 ± 10.2 years and 67.1 ± 11.5 years in group B. 30-day mortality in group A was 8.0% (n=9) and 18.2% (n=16) in group B (p value 0.03). The median mRS score at 3 months in group A was 2.5 versus 3.5 in group B (p value = 0.02). Patients in Group B had longer hospital stay (10.5 ± 3.1days vs. 8.2 ± 2.4days, p = 0.01) and higher frequency of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (15% vs. 7%, p = 0.05). Conclusion In ischemic stroke patients, 30-day mortality was more common with TyG index >8.8 and the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) functional status at 3 months was better in TyG index <8.8.