Association of the Thrombo-embolic Phenomenon with Electroconvulsive Therapy Treatment in Schizophrenia with Catatonia Patient.

Zain I Warriach,Sohaib A Shamim,Saima Kashif,Aisha Saeed,Bilal Haider Malik

doi:10.7759/cureus.5656

Zain I Warriach, Sohaib A Shamim + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.5656

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Abstract

Catatonia is a condition in which patients manifest with a complex of symptoms of behavioral and motor abnormalities. This condition can present with schizophrenia, bipolar, depression, and certain neurological illnesses. In this article, we analyze the coincidence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in schizophrenia with catatonia patients managed with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and the possible outcome of complications as an adverse event. The conclusion drawn from this traditional review reveals the importance of early diagnosis and treatment intervention of catatonia patients with ECT. No bleeding-related complications occurred with the use of anticoagulants by catatonic patients managed with ECT and having underlying thrombosis. Literature also indicates that ECT can be safely administered for patients with distal deep venous thrombosis (DVT) treated with anticoagulants, while those with proximal DVT, ECT should be halted and anticoagulation treatment should be continued until the resolution of DVT to safely resume the ECT sessions. A possible alternative to ECT therapy for the patients with refractory schizophrenia with catatonia (who have safety concerns) is recombinant transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). Nonetheless, more studies are needed to support our assertion.

Highlights

BackgroundThis traditional review deals with the importance of knowing the association between thrombosis and longterm schizophrenia with catatonia patients and the further association of thrombo-embolic phenomenon with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in schizophrenia with catatonia patients.Catatonia is a state of motor and behavioral abnormality caused by chronic psychiatric conditions especially schizophrenia
We analyze the coincidence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in schizophrenia with catatonia patients managed with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and the possible outcome of complications as an adverse event
Literature indicates that ECT can be safely administered for patients with distal deep venous thrombosis (DVT) treated with anticoagulants, while those with proximal DVT, ECT should be halted and anticoagulation treatment should be continued until the resolution of DVT to safely resume the ECT sessions

Summary

Introduction

This traditional review deals with the importance of knowing the association between thrombosis and longterm schizophrenia with catatonia patients and the further association of thrombo-embolic phenomenon with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in schizophrenia with catatonia patients. This review article is very important and informative for the attending psychiatrist in following the treatment strategy of schizophrenia with catatonic patients, with underlying deep venous thrombosis. It shows the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of catatonia with ECT and. The literature emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis of catatonia and its treatment with ECT to prevent life-threatening complications It has been suggested in the literature that catatonic patients suffering from malnutrition and immobility in addition to deep venous thrombosis can be successfully treated with ECT [18].

Conclusions

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