Association of the Korean-specific food-based index of dietary inflammatory potential with the risk of mild cognitive impairment in Korean older adults.

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the association between the food-based index of dietary inflammatory potential (FBDI) and the risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in Korean older adults. The subjects were 798 Korean adults aged 60 years and older. The FBDI was calculated based on the intake of 7 anti-inflammatory and 3 inflammatory food groups. Cognitive function was assessed using the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-KC). A general linear model and multiple logistic regression were applied to assess the association between FBDI and the risk of MCI. As the FBDI increased, the intake of white rice, cookies/candies, and sweetened drinks tended to increase, but the intake of niacin, β-carotene, calcium, and potassium tended to decrease (p for trend < 0.05). The highest FBDI group had a higher MCI risk (odds ratio [OR], 1.60; 95% CI, 1.01 - 2.52) than the lowest FBDI group, adjusted for sex, age, and education level; and this trend was significant in a fully adjusted model (p for trend = 0.039). No significant associations were found in men after adjusting for confounding factors. Among women, MCI risk increased as the FBDI increased (p for trend = 0.007); and the highest FBDI group had a higher MCI risk (OR, 2.22; 95% CI, 1.04 - 4.74) than the lowest FBDI group in a fully adjusted model. These results suggest that the appropriate intake of anti-inflammatory foods and nutrients may be associated with a reduced risk of MCI among older adults.