Association of soluble E-selectin and morning blood pressure surge in patients with essential hypertension

Abstract

Background: Elevated soluble E-selectin which reflects a state of endothelial activation with subsequent vasoconstriction may elevate morning blood pressure (BP) surge. This study aimed to analyze soluble E-selectin serum concentrations in patients with essential hypertension against normotensive healthy individuals and to find a role of such molecule in the phenomenon of morning BP surge. Material and methods: In this case-control study, a 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring with recording of morning BP surge and serum soluble E-selectin levels were measured for a total of 90 patients (60 patients with essential hypertension and 30 normotensive subjects as a control). Results: Hypertensive patients had higher body mass index in comparison to control subjects (30.7 ± 2.3 kg/m 2 vs. 27 ± 3.2 kg/m 2 , p < 0.001). Serum uric acid levels were higher in hypertensive patients than control subjects (7.26 ± 2.60 mg/dL vs. 5.92 ± 1.15 mg/dL, p = 0.028). Hypertensive patients had higher left ventricular mass index (LVMI) (110.5 ± 19.2 g/m2 vs. 99.8 ± 9.5 g/m 2 , p = 0.001). Patients with essential hypertension have higher level of soluble E-selectin than normotensive participants (180.6 ± 96.1 vs . 75.9 ± 31.5 ng/mL, p < 0.001). Soluble E-selectin was positively correlated with morning BP surge (r = 0.696, p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: Patients with essential hypertension have higher level of soluble E-selectin than normotensive. Soluble E-selectin was positively correlated with morning BP surge.