Association of Social Frailty with Physical Health, Cognitive Function, Psychological Health, and Life Satisfaction in Community-Dwelling Older Koreans.

Hana Ko,Sujung Jung

doi:10.3390/ijerph18020818

Abstract

Social frailty affects various aspects of health in community-dwelling older adults. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of social frailty and the significance of its association with South Korean older adults’ health status and life satisfaction. This study involved a secondary data analysis of the 2017 National Survey of Older Koreans. From the 10,299 respondents of the survey, 10,081 were selected with no exclusion criteria. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to identify the factors related to life satisfaction. Compared with the robust and social prefrailty groups, the social frailty group had higher nutritional risk (χ² = 312.161, p = 0.000), depressive symptoms (χ² = 977.587, p = 0.000), cognitive dysfunction (χ² = 25.051, p = 0.000), and lower life satisfaction (F = 1050.272, p = 0.000). The results of multiple linear regression, adjusted for sociodemographic and health-related characteristics, indicated that social frailty had the strongest negative association with life satisfaction (β = −0.267, p = 0.000). However, cognitive function was significantly positively associated with life satisfaction (β = 0.062, p = 0.000). Social frailty was significantly correlated with physical, psychological, and mental health as well as life satisfaction in community-dwelling older South Koreans. Therefore, accounting for the social aspect of functioning is an essential part of a multidimensional approach to improving health and life satisfaction in communities.

Highlights

The median age of the South Korean population is rapidly increasing; in 2019, individuals aged 65 and over accounted for 14.9% of the South Korean population, and this proportion has been projected to exceed 46.5% by 2067 [1]
This study aims (1) to examine the differences in general and health status characteristics of community-dwelling older adults in South Korea according to social frailty status; (2) to examine the correlations among social frailty status, nutritional status, depression, cognitive function, and life satisfaction; and (3) to explore the health-related predictors associated with life satisfaction
There was a difference in physical activity according to social frailty status (p = 0.000)

Summary

Introduction

The median age of the South Korean population is rapidly increasing; in 2019, individuals aged 65 and over accounted for 14.9% of the South Korean population, and this proportion has been projected to exceed 46.5% by 2067 [1] Given this rapid increase in the older adult population, frailty and life satisfaction in this age group are becoming more critical than at any other age [2,3]. Creating age-friendly environments requires collaboration and coordination across multiple sectors and with diverse stakeholders, including older people. The foundation of such efforts is to allow older adults to have social relationships in their own life community

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