Abstract
ObjectiveEvidence on the association between sleep duration and obesity among adults is inconsistent. Prospective studies investigating the association in Chinese adults have been limited. This study aims to prospectively evaluate sleep duration in relation to subsequent weight gain and general and central obesity risk among Chinese adults.MethodsA total of 21,958 participants aged 30 to 79 years reported their daily sleep duration. Obesity indicators were objectively measured; then significant weight gain (≥ 5 kg) and general and central obesity were modeled as the outcome. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios and 95% CIs.ResultsAverage sleep duration was 7.5 hours at baseline. During 8.0 ± 0.8 years of follow‐up, participants who reported sleeping ≤ 6 hours had higher risk for significant weight gain than those who slept 7 hours (multivariable‐adjusted odds ratio: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.02‐1.29). The association was stronger among those who were physically inactive at baseline (P = 0.04 for interaction). Short sleep duration was also associated with subsequent incident central obesity, with odds ratio of 1.13 (95% CI: 1.00‐1.28), but not with incident general obesity (P = 0.31).ConclusionsCompared with those who slept 7 hours per day, short sleepers had an increased risk of significant weight gain and central obesity.
Highlights
Obesity has been a major public health issue worldwide and has nearly tripled in recent decades [1]
Based on the large prospective cohort of the China Kadoorie Biobank, the current study found that short sleep duration was associated with higher risk for gaining weight ≥ 5 kg, especially among short sleepers who were physically inactive, after accounting for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health status factors
According to a systematic review of longitudinal studies on sleep duration and subsequent weight gain, the results of adult studies have been less consistent compared with the studies conducted in children [30]
Summary
Obesity has been a major public health issue worldwide and has nearly tripled in recent decades [1]. According to the Global Burden of Disease Study, the level of BMI has increased significantly over the past decade, and elevated BMI ranked as the fourth leading risk factor that caused 4.72 million deaths and 148 million disability-adjusted life-years in 2017 [2]. Average sleep duration has been decreasing significantly because of lifestyle changes, mostly attributing to caffeine consumption, cigarette smoking, sleeping pattern, etc. Adequate sleep is of great significance for individuals at all ages. Evidence has shown that sleep deprivation could have negative influences on our nervous system, endocrine system, and cardiovascular system [3].
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