Abstract
Objective. The present study aimed to examine the association between serum BPA and hypertension and evaluated whether it was influenced by estradiol level. Methods. A subsample of 2588 sera randomly selected from the Thai National Health Examination Survey IV, 2009, was measured for serum BPA and estradiol. Logistic regression was used to examine the association controlling for age, sex, diabetes, body mass index, and estradiol level. Results. Compared with the lowest quartile, the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of hypertension for the fourth quartile of serum BPA was 2.16 (95% CI 1.31, 3.56) in women and 1.44 (0.99, 2.09) in men. There was no interaction between serum BPA and estradiol level. For analysis using log(BPA) as a continuous variable, the AOR per unit change in log(BPA) was 1.09 (95% CI 1.02, 1.16). Among postmenopausal women, the AOR for the fourth quartile of BPA was 2.33 (95% CI 1.31, 4.15) and, for premenopausal women, it was 2.12 (95% CI 0.87, 5.19). Conclusion. Serum BPA was independently associated with hypertension in women and was not likely to be affected by estrogen; however, its mechanism related to blood pressure needs further investigation.
Highlights
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widely used chemical in the production of plastic food containers in many consumer products and of epoxy resins in dental fillings
The present study revealed that serum BPA was independently associated with hypertension
The association was not likely to be confounded by age, sex, Body mass index (BMI), diabetes, and estrogen level
Summary
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widely used chemical in the production of plastic food containers in many consumer products and of epoxy resins in dental fillings. Exposure to BPA is very common in almost all US adults [1], Asian population [2], and about 80% of Thai population [3]. This chemical has received much attention for its association with many health impacts [4]. BPA, a xenoestrogen, might mimic estrogen and disrupt the function of estrogen through estrogen receptor [5]. Health effects associated with exposure to BPA as reported in the literature include estrogenic activity, thyroid hormone disruption [6], pancreatic beta cell function disturbance, and increased risk of diabetes [3]. Bae et al reported an association of urinary BPA with hypertension, especially among those not previously known to have hypertension [16]
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