Abstract
Sarcopenia and bone disorders, such as osteopenia and osteoporosis, are common musculoskeletal disorders in older adults. Therefore, this study aimed to establish the association between sarcopenia and bone disorders such as osteoporosis and osteopenia according to sex. We analyzed 3077 participants from the 2008–2011 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey aged 65 years or older. After adjusting for all covariates, such as physical examinations, exercise, and nutrient intake (model 4), the odds ratios for the association between sarcopenia and bone disorders were 2.051 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.498–2.808) in osteopenia and 2.258 (95% CI: 1.584–3.218) in osteoporosis. However, when sex was analyzed separately, the odds ratio was significantly different in men (osteopenia—2.068, 95% CI: 1.462–2.924; osteoporosis—3.247, 95% CI: 1.953–5.399), but not in women. Therefore, the results of this study show an association between sarcopenia and bone disorders in older Korean adults. Sarcopenia is significantly related to osteopenia and osteoporosis, especially in men, when stratified by sex.
Highlights
Academic Editors: MarcoAge-related sarcopenia and osteoporosis are the most common musculoskeletal disorders [1]
Sarcopenia is a term that was initially used to describe skeletal muscle wasting caused by aging [4], which is accompanied by metabolic and endocrine dysfunction and is especially related to an increase in tumor necrosis factors (TNF) [5]
The prevalence of osteopenia was significantly higher in men (53.1% vs. 37.0%), while the prevalence of osteoporosis was higher in women (12.6% vs. 59.9%)
Summary
Age-related sarcopenia and osteoporosis are the most common musculoskeletal disorders [1]. Decreases in skeletal muscle and bone mass associated with aging have consequences such as falls, poor balance, fractures, and frailty [2,3]. Sarcopenia is a term that was initially used to describe skeletal muscle wasting caused by aging [4], which is accompanied by metabolic and endocrine dysfunction and is especially related to an increase in tumor necrosis factors (TNF) [5]. Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease [6], and these two diseases are associated with an increase in TNF in the context of chronic inflammatory diseases [7]. The prevalence of sarcopenia in Korea was 18.4% in people aged 70 years or older as of 2017 [3]
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