Association of rs9939609-FTO with metabolic syndrome components among women from Mayan communities of Chiapas, Mexico

Pilar E Núñez Ortega,María E Meneses,Itandehui Castro-Quezada,Rosario García-Miranda,César Antonio Irecta-Nájera,Adán Valladares-Salgado,Elena Flores-Guillén,Héctor Ochoa-Díaz-López,Daniel Locia-Morales,Roberto Solís-Hernández,Iván Delgado-Enciso

doi:10.1186/s40101-021-00259-9

Abstract

BackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex cluster of risk factors, considered as a polygenic and multifactorial entity. The objective of this study was to determine the association of rs9939609-FTO polymorphism and MetS components in adult women of Mayan communities of Chiapas.MethodsIn a cross-sectional study, sociodemographic, anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical data were obtained from 291 adult women from three regions of Chiapas, Mexico. The prevalence of MetS and the allele and genotype frequencies of the rs9939609-FTO were estimated. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the association of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) with each of the MetS components.ResultsThe MetS prevalence was 60%. We found a statistically significant association between rs9939609-FTO and hyperglycemia in the dominant model (OR 2.6; 95% CI 1.3–5.3; p = 0.007).ConclusionsWomen from Mayan communities of Chiapas presented a high prevalence of MetS and a relevant association of the FTO variant with hyperglycemia. This is the first study carried out in these Mayan indigenous communities from Chiapas.

Highlights

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex cluster of risk factors, considered as a polygenic and multifac‐ torial entity
Women living in rural areas had a higher prevalence of MetS than those living in urban areas which in Mexico represents more than 70% of its geographical area
Aguilar-Salinas et al [24] reported in 2004 a prevalence of 14% according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria and 27% according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATPIII) criteria in population from 20 to 69 years of age

Summary

Introduction

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex cluster of risk factors, considered as a polygenic and multifac‐ torial entity. Chronic diseases are one of the biggest challenges that Mexico’s health system is facing [1]. This is due to their high prevalence, great contribution to overall mortality, premature disability, and high costs of their treatment. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by the presence of insulin resistance, hyperglycemia and/. MetS has been considered a polygenic and multifactorial entity [5]. And population studies show that MetS is Ortega et al J Physiol Anthropol (2021) 40:11 influenced by a strong genetic component, with great variability among different ethnic groups. 45% of first-grade family members of patients with T2D, even at normal glucose levels, show to have insulin resistance [6]

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